Expedition

Second expedition to the arctic, led by Nay and IJsbrants

1595 - 1595

After the promising expedition of 1594, a much larger fleet was sent with greater ambitions. Seven ships, including large merchantmen and war ships, were equipped to sail on to Asia and open trade relations there. It was decided that the entire fleet should sail past the south of Nova Zembla, after the promising observations there the previous year.

Progress

The expedition left in late June, which was later that intended, and faced many difficulties. On the outward journey, two of the expedition ships collided in bad weather, leading to the death of four men. Once in the Vaigach Strait, south of Nova Zembla, the passage turned out to be full of drifting ice this year, and the fleet was ultimately unable to make it out onto the Kara Sea. Unrest started brewing among the crew, forcing the commanders to hang five supposed ringleaders of an imminent mutiny. When the expedition ships were still stuck in mid-September, the call was made to return to the Netherlands. In the course of November, the various ships were back in their respective harbours in the Netherlands.

05 August 1595 - 05 August 1595

North Cape, 5 August 1595

71°19' N 25°67' E

The second expedition passed the North Cape on 5 August 1595. The next day, slightly to the east, the ships carrying Barentsz collided with the ship carrying Van Linschoten, due to the bad weather but also because the rivalling officers were unwilling to give way.

Sources and literature

Veer, Gerrit de, Om de Noord: de tochten van Willem Barentsz en Jacob van Heemskerck en de overwintering op Nova Zembla, zoals opgetekend door Gerrit de Veer (1598)[68]

18 August 1595 - 02 September 1595

Vaigach Strait, 18 August to 2 September 1595

69°67' N 60°20' E

-The Strait south of the island of Vaigach was called ‘Straat Waigats’ or ‘Straat Nassau’ by the Dutch expedition members, and in 1595, it was considered the most promising passage to Asia. Although Vaigach is a separate island, Dutch sources and maps often conflate it with Nova Zembla.

Along the strait, the Dutch expedition members distinguished ‘Afgoden Hoek’ (Idols Cape), named after the large wooden sculptures they saw there. To its immediate west was ‘Traanbaai’ (train oil bay), after the fish or whale oil that was found there according to Gerrit de Veer’s journal.

Sources and literature

Veer, Gerrit de, Om de Noord: de tochten van Willem Barentsz en Jacob van Heemskerck en de overwintering op Nova Zembla, zoals opgetekend door Gerrit de Veer (1598)[69-76]

06 September 1595 - 09 September 1595

Stateneiland, 6-9 September 1595

69°84' N 61°22' E

Stateneiland had been explored on the first expedition of 1594 and had been named after the Dutch Estates-General. After spending some time in Traanbaai, the ships of the second expedition made an attempt to sail on, only to get halted by the ice slightly further east. As the fleet subsequently spent time near Stateneiland, two of the crew were killed by a polar bear on the opposite mainland as they were looking for quartz. Additionally, a small uprising among the crew occurred here, which is not described in detail by Gerrit de Veer. The five ringleaders of the uprising were hung on the island.

Sources and literature

Veer, Gerrit de, Om de Noord: de tochten van Willem Barentsz en Jacob van Heemskerck en de overwintering op Nova Zembla, zoals opgetekend door Gerrit de Veer (1598)[77-79]

Other images

Sources and literature

Veer, Gerrit de, Om de Noord: de tochten van Willem Barentsz en Jacob van Heemskerck en de overwintering op Nova Zembla, zoals opgetekend door Gerrit de Veer (1598)