Loggerhead turtle at Mauritius

By August 1601 a large portion of the crew of the Moluccan fleet of the Fifth Expedition under the command of Wolfert Harmensz. suffered from scurvy. This dangerous and debilitating illness was caused by lack of vitamin C and was a common occurrence on ships making the long trip to the East Indies as they often sailed for long period without being able to acquire fresh fruits and vegetables. The expedition’s leaders decided to visit the island Mauritius as soon as possible. The Second Expedition had first visited this island and discovered that it is rich in fresh foods and drinking water. It was also rich in a wide variety of indigenous animals, including many kinds of birds, fish and other aquatic animals. The Moluccan fleet remained at the island from 27 September until 20 October.

Joris Joostensz. Laerle, artist on board of the Gelderland, drew this image of a loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta Caretta) on the first page of the journal of Wolfert Harmensz. The loggerhead is one of the most widespread species of sea turtle and is a common occurrence in the Indian Ocean. Mauritius is one of the species’ breeding grounds.