Map of frontiers of New England

Title Leupe: A Map of the inhabited part of Canada from the French surveys, with the frontiers of New York and New England, from the large survey by Claude Joseph Sauthier.

This map delineates the Saint Lawrence River from Isle aux Coudres (below Québec) to Lake Ontario. The course of the tributary St. Francis river which runs to the state of New York is based on the survey of 'Major Holland' which most likely refers to Samuel Holland, who was born in Deventer in 1728. This Dutchman played a prominent role as the first Surveyor of British North America, in fact more parts of this map are based on his surveys. In March 1764, Holland received instructions to survey all British possessions north of the Potomac River, which included Isle Saint-Jean, the Magdalen Islands and Cape Breton Island, because of their importance for the fisheries. Holland arrived in October 1764 on Isle Saint-Jean, near Montreal, whose territory was ceded to Britain under the Treaty of Paris (1763). The task of mapping the island lasted two years. Holland's survey divided the island into a series of townships known as "lots", parishes, counties, and "royalties" (shire towns) in advance of a feudal land system which was established on the island over the following century. The cadastre registers developed by Holland remained important for his successors, and an often overlooked Dutch cartographic legacy kept influencing the maps of New England long after Nieuw-Amsterdam was handed to the British. Beside the map itself, the heading reveals much of the area too. The title is displayed in an elaborate vignette showing woods, hills, and waterfalls and the trade in beaver pelts.

Scale of 60 English Statute miles = 122 ‘strepen’.